State distribution
Hardness across indexed ZIPs
Counts describe published ZIP profiles, not a population-weighted statewide sample.
Soft · 0–60 PPM3
Moderately hard · 61–120 PPM2
Hard · 121–180 PPM2
Very hard · 181+ PPM59
State water index
South Dakota water hardness
Search 234 indexed communities and 246 ZIP profiles, then compare the underlying utility, source, distance, and reporting context.
Median regional evidence
688PPM
Very Hard
Indexed range 8.3–1770 PPM
- ZIP profiles
- 246
- Cities
- 234
- Matched utilities
- 392
- Counties
- 64
Understanding South Dakota
Why local comparisons matter here
South Dakota includes Missouri River systems, eastern glacial aquifers, Black Hills sources, and deeper bedrock groundwater across the plains.
In this index, very hard is the largest category, covering 59 of 66 profiles with hardness data. The state median is 688 PPM, but the full indexed range is 8.3–1770 PPM.
Evidence coverage
What the current records support
- Hardness estimate
- 27%
- Lead 90th percentile
- 100%
- Copper 90th percentile
- 17%
28
Low-confidence hardness profiles
9
Research-comparison eligible profiles
Reported source water
Utility source mix
- Groundwater
- 258
- Surface water
- 132
- Groundwater influenced by surface water
- 2
Highest medians
Highest eligible city medians
Lowest medians
Lowest eligible city medians
City directory
Explore South Dakota by city
Search by city or county, then sort by name, hardness, or ZIP coverage.
234 cities · 246 ZIP profiles
234 cities found
Page 1 of 10
Aberdeen
Brown County · 1 ZIP
—
No regional sample1 active record
Alcester
Union County · 1 ZIP
—
No regional sampleNo active flag
Alexandria
Hanson County · 1 ZIP
—
No regional sampleNo active flag
Alpena
Beadle County · 1 ZIP
—
No regional sampleNo active flag
Angostura
Fall River County · 1 ZIP
—
No regional sampleNo active flag
Armour
Douglas County · 1 ZIP
1330PPM regional
Single regional valueNo active flag
Artesian
Sanborn County · 1 ZIP
—
No regional sampleNo active flag
Aurora
Brookings County · 1 ZIP
—
No regional sampleNo active flag
Avon
Bon Homme County · 1 ZIP
1115PPM regional
Single regional valueNo active flag
Badger
Kingsbury County · 1 ZIP
—
No regional sampleNo active flag
Baltic
Minnehaha County · 1 ZIP
—
No regional sampleNo active flag
Batesland
Oglala Lakota County · 1 ZIP
—
No regional sampleNo active flag
Bath
Brown County · 1 ZIP
—
No regional sampleNo active flag
Belle Fourche
Butte County · 1 ZIP
—
No regional sampleNo active flag
Beresford
Lincoln County · 1 ZIP
—
No regional sampleNo active flag
Big Stone City
Grant County · 1 ZIP
—
No regional sampleNo active flag
Bijou Hills
Charles Mix County · 1 ZIP
—
No regional sampleNo active flag
Bison
Perkins County · 1 ZIP
—
No regional sampleNo active flag
Blackhawk
Meade County · 1 ZIP
688PPM regional
Single regional valueNo active flag
Blunt
Hughes County · 1 ZIP
—
No regional sampleNo active flag
Bon Homme Colony
Bon Homme County · 1 ZIP
1160PPM regional
Single regional valueNo active flag
Bonesteel
Gregory County · 1 ZIP
—
No regional sampleNo active flag
Bowdle
Edmunds County · 1 ZIP
—
No regional sampleNo active flag
Box Elder
Meade County · 2 ZIPs
648PPM regional
Regional range 466–830No active flag
County comparison
Highest regional-evidence county medians
| County | Median | Range | ZIP profiles |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bon Homme County | 1580 PPM | 1115–1580 | 5 |
| Aurora County | 1356 PPM | 1356–1356 | 3 |
| Douglas County | 1245 PPM | 1110–1330 | 3 |
| Charles Mix County | 1245 PPM | 1245–1330 | 4 |
| Hutchinson County | 1069 PPM | 367–1770 | 4 |
| Roberts County | 1012 PPM | 1012–1590 | 6 |
| Perkins County | 854 PPM | 854–854 | 3 |
| Yankton County | 829 PPM | 780–878 | 7 |
| Clay County | 829 PPM | 780–878 | 2 |
| Meade County | 807 PPM | 466–830 | 9 |
| Lawrence County | 761 PPM | 725.5–796 | 5 |
| Deuel County | 516 PPM | 516–516 | 5 |